However, there are a number of other negative effects related to irrigation. As shown in Figure 4, agriculture and environment, pollute and environment, pesticide and environment, and nitrate and leach have a strong semantic relation. W-3045 members from USDA-ARS (MD) and UC-Riverside AES respectively chaired and co-chaired the 2014 International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry (IUPAC) scientific program activities with program support from many W-3045 members. The process category include research dealing with the process of agricultural chemicals exerting impacts on the environment. . Effect of Agrochemicals on Environment Apr. Worms also play a vital role in the soils structure by creating channels for plant irrigation, and soil drainage and aeration. Pimentel D, Acquay H, Biltonen M, et al. . Huang Y, Schuehle J, Porter AL, et al. Tirado R, Englande AJ, Promakasikorn L, et al. pharmaceuticals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)), discussed their impacts on the environmental media (e.g. This information center provides objective, science-based information about pesticides pesticide poisonings, toxicology, and environmental chemistry that enable people to make informed decisions. Alvarez A, Saez JM, Costa JSD, et al. Among the various anthropogenic activities, agriculture and the use of agrochemicals are responsible for the reduction of richness and abundance; changes in development, reproduction, and behavior; losses of taxa; and changes in the ecological sensitivity of aquatic macroinvertebrates (Stenert et al. Effects on water: Water becomes unfit for consumption Can promote the growth of algae Leads to eutrophication due to excessive chemicals Affect aquatic animals due to water pollution 3. Special attention is paid to mining and interpreting the distinctive nodes in order to further understand the knowledge baseline and research frontiers for the topic of interest. Another salient author in the early stage in Dana W. Kolpin, head of the US Geological Surveys Emerging Contaminants Project, who has dedicated decades to the investigation of how pharmaceuticals and other contaminants move through the environment. W-3045 research and extension crosses disciplinary boundaries providing key information to state and national public-environmental health regulatory agencies, soil conservation districts, regional agricultural commodity groups, and agrochemical users. . Citation analysis suggests that the volume of scientific knowledge and contributions, as measured by number of publications related to the topic, has grown dramatically with an optimistic future forecast. As observed, the B1 stage informs the B2 phase by providing scientific data and evidence about agricultural chemical inputs and chemical contaminants in the environment. Birds and other predators like spiders play a critical role in ecosystems because they help maintain the natural balance of insect populations by eating them, and some species like hummingbirds are also important pollinators. . 5,12,70 Furthermore, farmers fail to appreciate the health and environmental effects of agrochemicals. cancer, endocrine disruption, birth defects). China, School of Economics and Trade, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, P.R. Use of agrochemicals in Thailand and its consequences for the environment. It is worth noting that articles in cluster A1 have been frequently cited since year 2000, and may be conceived as the initial stage of research on agricultural chemicals and their impact on the environmental. Constructing a knowledge-mapping model for the topic the impact of agricultural chemicals on environment can provide further guidance on the research directions, hot topics and research frontiers, as well as on the distributions and discipline evolution. A variety of cancers also have been . . With respect to the impact of agricultural inputs, pollutant formation and transferring process, nitrogen and phosphorous cycles, impact assessment indicators, as well as pollution prevention and reduction strategies are the most researched areas, and soil and water constitute the main researched environmental media. Several countries have enacted policies to regulate the usage volume and types of agricultural chemicals [12, 13]. Then in 2015, the number of publications (267 articles) produced by China surpassed the number of publications generated in USA (239 articles). Alvarez DA, Huckins JN, Petty JD, et al. Visualization of Academic collaboration network. The following section provides the results for a set of Informetrics Theory-based analyses: document co-citation analysis, document citation-clustering and co-words analysis via co-occurrence network of subject terms. Focazio MJ, Kolpin DW, Barnes KK, et al. Secondly, researchers have investigated the effects of using pesticides and fertilizers on agricultural production (i.e. . He paid special attention to the organic wastewater contaminants in the groundwater and streams in the USA. Determination of kinetic and equilibrium regimes in the operation of polar organic chemical integrative samplers: application to the passive sampling of the polar herbicides in aquatic environments, Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans, Occurrence, fate and effects of pharmaceutical substances in the environmenta review, Reducing environmental risk by improving N management in intensive Chinese agricultural systems, The story of phosphorus: global food security and food for thought, Transformation of the nitrogen cycle: recent trends, questions, and potential solutions, Nutrient imbalances in agricultural development, Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people, Pesticide exposure, safety issues, and risk assessment indicators, A common pesticide decreases foraging success and survival in honey bees, The sublethal effects of pesticides on beneficial arthropods, High levels of miticides and agrochemicals in North American apiaries: implications for honey bee health, R: A language and environment for statistical computing, Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment: a review of recent research data, Persistent DDT metabolite p,p-DDE is a potent androgen receptor antagonist, Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture, The challenge of micropollutants in aquatic systems, Source partitioning using stable isotopes: coping with too much variation, Review of passive accumulation devices for monitoring organic micropollutants in the aquatic environment, Laboratory calibration and field deployment of the polar organic chemical integrative sampler for pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater and surface water, Chapter 8 tool for monitoring hydrophilic contaminants in water: polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) , EU-wide survey of polar organic persistent pollutants in European river waters, Pan-European survey on the occurrence of selected polar organic persistent pollutants in ground water, Evaluation of the use of performance reference compounds in an Oasis-HLB adsorbent based passive sampler for improving water concentration estimates of polar herbicides in freshwater, Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method for thirty-three pesticides in natural water and comparison of performance between classical solid phase extraction and passive sampling approaches, Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices, How a century of ammonia synthesis changed the world, Nitrogen in agriculture: balancing the cost of an essential resource, Effects of land use on concentrations of metals in surface soils and ecological risk around Guanting Reservoir, China, Persistent halogenated compounds in aquaculture environments of South China: implications for global consumers health risk via fish consumption, Perfluorinated compounds in surface waters from Northern China: comparison to level of industrialization, Spatio-temporal effects of fertilization in Anhui province, China, Probabilistic ecological risk assessment of copper in Chinese offshore marine environments from 2005 to 2012, Net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs to watersheds and riverine N export to coastal waters: a brief overview, Extractability and bioavailability of Pb and As in historically contaminated orchard soil: effects of compost amendments, Principles and practices of neurodevelopmental assessment in children: lessons learned from the centers for childrens environmental health and disease prevention research, Accumulation of carbon and nitrogen in residential soils with different land-use histories, Modeling nutrient flows in the food chain of China, Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from optimized and alternative cereal cropping systems on the North china plain: a two-year field study, A multi-level analysis of Chinas phosphorus flows to identify options for improved management in agriculture. Fertilizers and farm chemicals should not be taken as independent subject terms as they are lexical variants of fertilizers and agricultural chemicals. Therefore, for this study the independent subject terms are as follows: agricultural chemicals, pesticides, fertilizers and environment. . Using the results from citation analysis, we identify two proliferous authors, Yi-fan Li and Dana W. Kolpin, for the research topic of interest (i.e. Our findings suggest that the three stages identified (i.e. . For environmental objects impacted by agricultural chemicals, particular attention in the literature has been paid to soil, air and water, studying the potential risks of environmental pollution to fishes, bees and human health. Manures, by contrast, is a narrower term for pesticides (i.e. Then, we employ co-authorship metrics to analyze the scientific knowledge communication and organization distribution in the collaboration network. Excessive use of agrochemicals can also lead to the contamination of groundwater with nitrate, a chemical compound that in large concentrations is poisonous to humans and animals. Moreover, results from co-authorship network analysis suggest that institutions and organizations based in North America, East Asia and Europe are the major research contributors; this trend is visualized via Google Earth View (see part A of Figure 6). Determine adverse impacts from agrochemical exposure to cells, organisms, and ecosystems. The same is true for agricultural fertilizers which are often classified based on their efficiency, origin and phase. In addition, climate change is a frequent term in this category, with emphasis on the impact mechanism of agricultural chemicals on the atmospheric environment. During spraying, strong winds can cause agrochemicals to drift and contaminate nearby surfaces. Our findings suggest that in the past 30 years, research about this topic can be divided into three stages, namely the early stage (199099), the middle stage (200007) and the late stage (200816). Our findings suggest that prior to 2006, Asian and South American countries, such as China, India and Brazil, lagged far behind in terms of technological advancement when compared to developed countries such as the USA, Canada, Australia and some European countries (e.g. Stevem R, Peterm G, Jenniferc J, et al. In summary, the collaborative and multidisciplinary activities of W-3045 have been singularly effective in communicating to other researchers, governmental agencies, industry, non-profits and the public about the potential impacts of agrochemicals and ideas for mitigation. Li G, Ittersum MKV, Leffelaar PA, et al. But how do agrochemicals affect the environment? His research concentrated in exploring the sources and transport mechanism of POPs in the environment [3942]. Finally, A3 cluster research dealing with techniques to control chemical pollutants in the environment connects previous research on the environmental impact of the application of chemical fertilizer (Cluster A1) and studies on strategic practices for reducing environmental impact of fertilizer pollutants while ensuring food security and promoting the sustainable development of agricultural industry (Cluster A2) [87, 98100]. Global consumption of agrochemicals continues to rise, despite growing evidence of their adverse effects on environmental quality and human health. . For instance, in the USA, the 1972 Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act (FEPCA) and subsequent amendments acknowledge the negative effects of pesticide applications on both the environment and human health, regulate the use of pesticides and enforce compliance against banned pesticide products. nitrogen and phosphorus) flows in the food chain in China [110112]. 2002 ). Climate change can have significant impacts on thefate and effects of pesticides in aquatic ecosystems. Although this exposure is rarely fatal for larger animals, high levels of pesticides can be found in the meat of livestock which humans eat. However, many countries have reported alarming residues of agricultural chemicals in soil, water, air, agricultural products, and even in human blood and adipose tissue [2, 3]. . Kolpin DW, Sneck-Fahrer D, Hallberg GR, et al. Barber LB, Keefe SH, Brown GK, et al. Our results indicate that chemical pollutants including metal nitrate, pesticide and residue heavy have been widely investigated as major determinants of pollution. Program Manager , initiative for coffee&climate. The application of agrochemicals in agricultural settings has significantly contributed towards high crop yield and economical crop production. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. 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